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阅读题：There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.

Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.

Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.

21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.

A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problems

B) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change the material world

C) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily life

D) all of the above

22. Which of the following may be representative of science？

A) The improvement of people's life.

B) The theory of people's life.

C) Farming tools.

D) Mass production.

23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.

A) must be strictly objective

B) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikes

C) should conform. to popular opinions

D) always appear in perfect and finished forms

24. The author states that technology itself _____.

A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustion

B) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselves

C) will lead to a better world if put to wise use

D) will inevitably be for bad purpose

25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.

A) positive

B) negative

C) factual

D) critical

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发布时间：2023-03-28
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更多“阅读题：There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretic…”相关的问题

第1题

The difference between biological and physical science is not that one is inexact, the oth
er exact, but in degree of exactness, this being related to the number of variables which must be dealt with simultaneously and the extent to which they can be controlled. In general, the biological sciences must deal with larger errors than the physical sciences; but this is not uniformly true, as the student will realize when he considers the accuracy of meteorological prediction or if he comprehends the meaning of the fact that the structural engineer considers it necessary very often to use a safety factor of two or three hundred per cent. The statistical principles of dealing with error of measurement, or in prediction and generalization, are the same whether the errors are large or small. Statistics is not a means of confusing issues that would otherwise be clear, nor a substitute for obtaining clear answers, but a means of checking and controlling conclusions by providing an estimate of the error to which a conclusion is subject.

What do statistics do for science？

A．They get rid of intuition,

B．They make it more logical.

C．They reduce everything to numbers.

D．They give an idea of the amount of error involved.

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第2题

Apple and Microsoft each launched new products. One company astonished everyone. The other made people sleepy. Can you guess which was which？ You probably guessed wrong. Because Apple, famous for its

While Microsoft, which stole a move out of the Apple playbook, won cheers from high-end, creative-class consumers like business analysts, media designers and music producers. Microsoft launched several new products, but the big one was the Surface Studio--a 28-inch, extremely-high-resolution(分辨率) touchscreen tablet that doubles as a desktop PC screen. There’s also the Surface Dial, which can be placed on the Studio’s screen and revolved(旋转) to select menu items.

As Hayley Tsukayama remarked at The Washington Post, the Studio is really just a super-sized version of the Surface Books product that Microsoft has been selling for years. But if you’ve ever watched science fiction movies like Minority Report--where Tom Cruise seems to operate pictures and data hanging in mid-air by touching them, spreading their fingers to increase on details, and seeding files and information sliding from one folder(文件夹) to another with a click of the fingers, you can see how Microsoft is trying to show the same experience.

Meanwhile, Apple’s new products were almost like some fine promotions for its Apple TV. They boast(自夸) that the new MacBook Pros has a smaller size and more functions, and a new touchscreen bar on laptop keyboards where function keys used to be.

So what’s going on？ In many ways, Apple is focusing on attracting the average consumers who have been attracted by Microsoft. And Microsoft is focusing on targeting the high-end professionals Apple has historically been associated with. You can even see this in the companies’ ad campaigns: Microsoft’s ads stress imagination and creativity, while Apple’s commercial chief designer Jony Ive, in calm and professional British accent, explained Apple has improved the performance and convenience of its MacBooks.

So Apple is trying to control the world of devices and laptops from the top down, starting with the high-end market and moving on to appeal to a broader base of consumers. Microsoft, having already strengthened itself within the bigger low-end market, is now attempting the opposite with a bottom-up strategy. Will these succeed？ Time will tell…

What can we learn from the first paragraph？

A.Microsoft’s new products made a big hit

B.Apple’s products aim at high-end consumers

C.Apple and Microsoft developed the same products

D.The design of Microsoft’s products is original and unique

Why does the author mention the science fiction movie in Paragraph 3？A.To tell us Microsoft’s new products can be used in movies

B.To show how trendy Microsoft’s new products are

C.To show Microsoft’s new products are inspired by the movie

D.To advocate more people to see the science fiction movie

What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ A.The features of Apple’s new products

B.The bright future of Apple’s new products

C.The reason why Apple designed the new products

D.The difference between Apple’s new products and Apple TV

What can we learn about the two companies in promotion？A.They push forward high tech development

B.They lead the development of IT industry

C.They adopt different business strategies

D.They astonish the world from time to time

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第3题

What makes a person a scientist？ （是什么使一个人成为科学家？)Does he have ways or tool

What makes a person a scientist？ (是什么使一个人成为科学家？)Does he have ways or toolsof learning that are different from those of others？ The ans wer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.

The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at onetime must work under the same must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reasonthat investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity,arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested throughinvestigations, and Einstein ’idesas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools formeasurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.

1、What makes a scientist according to the passage？()

A.The tools he uses.

B.The way he uses his tools.

C.His ways of learning.

D.The various tools he uses.

2、The underlined part in the passage shows().

A.the importance of information

B.the importance of thinking

C.the difference between scientists and ordinary people

D.the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs

3、A sound scientific theory should be one that() .

A.works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times

B.does not allow any changes even under different conditions

C.can be used for many purposes

D.leaves no room for improvement

4、The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ().

A.that measurements are keys to success in science

B.that accuracy of mathematics

C.that investigations are important in science

D.that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations

5、What is the main idea of the passage？()

A.The theory of relativity.

B.Exactness is the core of science.

C.Scientists are different from ordinary people.

D.Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.

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第4题

What Is Death？ People in the past did not question the difference between life and de

What Is Death？

People in the past did not question the difference between life and death. They could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating. People have learned, however, that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating. They discovered that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active. Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see as in the past. Modern medical devices can keep the heart beating and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops. But is this life？

This question has caused much debate among citizens in the United States. Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies. A person should be considered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive. Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal (切除) of undiseased (没病的) organs for transplant (移植) operations.

The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells. These cells send and receive millions of chemical and electrical messages every day. In this way the brain controls the other body activities. Nerve-cell experts say it is usually easy to tell when the brain has died. They put small electrodes (电极) on a person's skull (头骨) to measure the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain. These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper. The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve cells. The brain is dead when the waves stop moving.

Although there are people who oppose the idea of a law on brain block for various reasons, the idea of brain wave activity as a test of death is slowly being accepted.

第 31 题 People in the past held that the difference between life and death

A．did not exist.

B．was easy to tell.

C．lay in the brain.

D．was open to debate.

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第5题

根据下列文章，回答26～30题。For the past several years， the Sunday newspaper supplement Parad
e has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant， who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old； that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies， to envision paper after it has been folded and cut， and to deduce numerical sequences， among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe （whose IQ is 100） as， What's the difference between love and fondness？ Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence？ It's not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.

Clearly， intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart？ How much of intelligence can be specified， and how much can we learn about it from neurology， genetics， computer science and other fields？

The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score， even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms： the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales （both come in adult and children's version）。 Generally costing several hundred dollars， they are usually given only by psychologists， although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible， because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks， rather tan simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests， such as the Scholastic Assessment Test （SAT） and the Graduate Record Exam （GRE）， capture the main aspects of IQ tests.

Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life， argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing？”。 Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge， components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover， IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership sills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions， but under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. Anyone who bas toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters， whether it‘s knowing when to guess or what questions of skip.

第26题：Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test？

A．Answering philosophical questions.

B．Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.

C．Telling the differences between certain concepts.

D．Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.

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第6题

One is considered as a color blind man if __. A．he can see the difference between red and
deep red B．he can see the difference between blue and green C．he can't tell the difference between orange and green D．he thinks green is the same as blue

点击查看答案

第7题

I know the difference between these two words. So ______ they.A．knowB．willC．doD．does

I know the difference between these two words. So ______ they.

A．know

B．will

C．do

D．does

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第8题

What is the difference between mistakes and errors？

点击查看答案

第9题

The difference between the control group and the experimental group was ______.A．the train

The difference between the control group and the experimental group was ______.

A．the training that parents received

B．the age of the children

C．the books that were read

D．the number of the children

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第10题

Can you ______ the difference between these two types？A．answerB．sayC．talkD．tell

Can you ______ the difference between these two types？

A．answer

B．say

C．talk

D．tell

点击查看答案
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