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[主观题]

There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in longterm memory ca

n be remembered at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.

Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English; beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native-speaking students.

To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.

Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning's results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, while advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

Henning made the experiment in order to study ______.

A．how students remember English vocabulary by short-term memory

B．how students learnEnglish vocabulary

C．how to develop students' ability in English

D．how long information in short-term memory is kept

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发布时间：2022-01-10

更多“There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in longterm memory ca”相关的问题

第1题

听力原文：Currency options may have two kinds of value, intrinsic value and time value. If

听力原文： Currency options may have two kinds of value, intrinsic value and time value. If and to the extent that an option would currently be profitable to exercise, it is said to have intrinsic value. In the case of a call, if the spot price is higher than the option exercise price, the option has intrinsic value. In the case of a put, if the spot price is less than the option exercise price, the option has intrinsic value. Such options are said to bein-the-money'. If the opposite is true of either calls or puts, they have no intrinsic value and said to be out-of-the-money'.

28. What are the two kinds of value do currency options have？

29.When does a call option have intrinsic value？

30.What is the option said to be if it has intrinsic value？

(28)

A．Intrinsic value and time value.

B．Internal value and external value.

C．Exchange value and time value.

D．Real value and stated value.

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第2题

The Xinhua bookstore chain, China's largest official publishing enterprise, has become a s

urprising flash point for interest among foreign venture capital investors. "We are actively promoting the process of shareholding reform. Everyday, we receive lots of offers from domestic and foreign investors interested in getting involved and may pick one or two to do so in the next two to three months," Zhang Yashan, the leading cadre of the head store's office said. According to a Company insider who requested anonymity, several securities firms are overseeing Xinhua bookstore's reform. and the company could list on the domestic stock market once reforms are reported to the government in May and then completed. The source would not reveal the specific names of the firms involved or details of the reform. "We will stipulate that we must remain the majority shareholder, but we will welcome all kinds of investment, including foreign capital, to establish a shareholding enterprise. We hope the No. 2 shareholder will be a foreign enterprise," the source said. In keeping with its World Trade Organization entry promises, China must allow foreign investment in domestic publication retailers by the end of this year.Which is NOT the right word used to describe Xinhua bookstore？A.Largest. B.Official. C.Private. D.Prosperous.

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第3题

An employer has several choices he can consider when he wants to hire a new employee. Firs

t, he may look within his own company. But if none of the present employees are suitable for the position, he will have to look outside the company. If his company has a personnel office, he can ask them to help find qualified applicants.

There are other valuable sources the employer can use, such as employment agencies, professional societies and so on. He can also advertise in the newspapers and magazines and ask prospective candidates to send in resumes.

The employer has two kinds of qualifications to consider when he wants to choose from among applicants. He must consider both professional qualifications and personal characteristics. A candidate's professional qualifications include his education, experience and skills. These can be listed on a resume. Personal characteristics must be evaluated through interviews.

This passage mainly tells us ______.

A．there are many applications looking for a job

B．how an employer hires his employees

C．employer hires a new employee within his company

D．employer can advertise in newspapers and magazines

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第4题

Most Americans think that ice cream is as American as baseball and applepie.But ice cr

eam was known long before American was discovered.The Roman emperor Nero may have made a king of ice cream.He hired hundreds of men to bring snow and ice from the mountains.He used it to make cold drinks.Traveler Marco Polo brought back recipes for chilled and frozen milk from China.Hundreds of years later,ice cream reached England.It is said that King Charles I enjoyed that treat very much.There is a story that he bribed his cook to keep the recipe for ice cream a royal secret.Today ice cream is known throughout the world.Americans alone eat more than two billion quarts a year.

Charles I of England wanted to ()

A、make ice cream popular

B、keep the secret of ice cream for himself

C、develop new kinds of ice cream

D、bring ice cream recipes from China

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第5题

In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to

walk, the child must physiologically be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic processes by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning." This occurs when one event or stimulus is continuously followed by a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to associate his mother's face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar fashion. The second kind of learning is called "operant (动作的) conditioning. This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishments. For example, if a mother always attends to her baby when he cries and cuddles him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. Thus, the baby will learn to increase his crying in order to have his mother more.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A.teach children how to learn to produce and experience certain emotionsB.give the common reader a general description of two basic kinds of learningC.give parents some advice on how to modify their children's emotions through learningD.discuss with psychologists how positive and negative feelings are produced

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第6题

With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minu

tes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit a staggering amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can.

The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations—add, subtract, multiply, and divide—with lightning speed and perfect accuracy. It can multiply two 10-digit numbers in 1/1, 000 second, a problem that would take an average person five minutes to do with pencil and paper. Some computers can work 500, 000 times faster than any person can.

Once it is given a program, that is, a carefully worked-out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language, a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depths of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what route to take and what space is available.

Why does the author regard the electronic computer as the marvel of the machine age？

A．Because electronic computers are rare.

B．Because people know little about electronic computers.

C．Because electronic computers can do much more kinds of work that human beings can't.

D．Because electronic computers have been widely suspected.

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第7题

Teeth have been a part of animals almost from the beginning of animal life. The first

animals to have teeth were fish. These sea creatures lived millions of years ago. They had many finely pointed teeth for grabbing food from the water. They were distant cousins of today’s sharks.The teeth of animals help them do certain jobs or eat certain kinds of foods. Elephants have two large teeth, called tusks, which they use for digging up plants or for fighting. Lions and tigers have long, sharp teeth for tearing apart other animals. Those of horses and cows are short and flat. They are used for grinding plants.People have three main kinds of teeth. They have teeth that cut, teeth that tear, and teeth that grind. When biting into a piece of fruit, people use their cutting teeth. When pulling a piece of meat from a bone, they use their tearing teeth. When nibbling on a fresh carrot, they use their grinding teeth.Every person grows two sets of teeth. The first set often begins to appear when a baby is about six months old. It lasts until the child is about six years old. Then the baby teeth fall out and the second teeth come in. This second set must last for the rest of a person’s life.It is important for people to take care of their teeth. They must eat the right foods. They should brush their teeth properly. Teeth should be checked twice a year by a dentist.

1.Fish have many () teeth for () food.

A.noticeable, catching

B.visible, grasping

C.sharp, snatching

D.fine, catching

2.Which of the following statements about teeth is true？()

A.Elephants have three large tusks

B.Teeth of horses and cows are short and sharp

C.The first set of teeth of a person often begins to appear when he is about six years

D.Sea creatures were the first animals having teeth

3.The word “nibble” in the third paragraph bears the meaning of ().

A.eating with small repeated bits

B.showing slight interest in something

C.taking hold of with a sudden rough movement

D.crushing into small pieces or into powder

4.From this passage we can draw a conclusion that ().

A.all the teeth have the same function

B.animals don’t try to protect their teeth

C.teeth are important both for human and animals

D.we should care our teeth and often have them checked

5.It is a piece of writing about ().

A.botany

B.animals

C.popular science

D.dentistry

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第8题

根据以下材料，回答 40～43 问题。 During a television play the sound man must be ready to m

根据以下材料，回答 40～43 问题。

During a television play the sound man must be ready to make every sound as it is needed．Sound effects are of three kinds：real，imitated and recorded．

Real sounds are those of doorbells，telephone bells，and other small objects easy to keep in a studio． But the sound man must imitate many sounds． For bacon fryin9，he crumples cellophane paper．A long sheet of metal hanging in a doorway makes thunder·He taps one rubber sink plunger and then another on a table to imitate a horse walking on pavement． For a horse galloping along a gravel road，the sound man can use the two halves of a coconut，pounding each in turn very fast on the table．

Recorded sound effects are used for noises he cannot himself produce offstage．He pays records for such sounds as a rooster crowing， a train leaving a station， and a baby crying．

The sound man is an important part of any television production．

第 40 题 The sound man is important because he________

A．is kept busy

B．makes fl TV play more lifelike

C．1ets an actor know when to life a telephone receiver

D．is always learning new methods

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第9题

The two most common kinds of logic or reasoning are inductive and deductive. Inductiv

The two most common kinds of logic or reasoning are inductive and deductive.

Inductive reasoning is mainly scientific and factual it begins with collected data,experiments. and examples.When enough information has been colleted,a statement of aprinciple is taken from the examples.

Deductive reasoning begins with a general principle and applies it to a specifie instance or specific instances The conclusions of deduetive thinkers are more tentative than the conclusions of inductive thinkers, who arrive at a principle instead of starting from one.Deductive thinkers are accurate only to the extent that their principle is correct and only to the extent that they have applied it truly.

Both inductive thinking and deductive thinking are tested. and questioned by those to whom the conclusions are presented. Of an inductive thinker,one asks whether the facts are true. whether the exceptions have been noted, whether the selection of materials is representative. whether the conclusions are truly and accurately drawn from the data,whether the conclusions are stated precisely or exaggerated(夸大的). Of a deductive thinker, one asks whether the given principle is impartial truth or mere personal opinion,whether it is applied to materials relevantly,whether the conclusion is accurate according to the principie, and whether exceptions have been noted.

With good motives and bad, with bonesty and with deceit. different thinkers teach different conclusions derived from the same data or from the same principle. What is the difference between inductive thinking and deductive thinking？

A.Inductive thinking starts from data, experiments and examples and then arrives at a principle,while deductive thinking starts only from data

B.Inductive thinking starts from a principle,and then applies it to a specifie instance or specific instances, while deductive thinking starts from data experiments and examples and then arrives at a principle

C.Inductive thinking starts from data, experiments and examples and then arrives at a principle,while deductive thinking starts from a general principle,and then applies it to a specific instance or specific instances

D.Inductive thinking starts from data and then applies them to specific instances,while deduetive thinking starts from experiments and then appliesthem to specific instances

Which one of the following should an inductive thinker pay attention to？A.Whether the general principle is impartial truth or mere personal opinion.

B.Whether he is honest or not.

C.Whether the facts are true or not

D.Whether the general principle is applied to material relevantly.

The common concern for inductive thinkers and deductive thinkers is___A.whether the exceptions have been noticed

B.whether they are bearing good motives or not

C.whether the conclusions are derived from the same data

D.whether they starts from the same general principle

Which statement among the following is true？A.Deductive thinking is mainly scientific and factual

B.The deductive thinkers will never be accurate

C.Both inductive thinking and deductive thinking are tested and questioned by those to whom the conclusions are presented

D.One will not care about whether the facts used by an inductive thinker are representative or not

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第10题

American has long been considered the land of opportunity by those from other countries. A

mericans, too, believe that the United States provides almost limifiess opportunity for those who want to open businesses on their own.

Today, Americans are still fond of trying their hand at becoming small business people, even though only one out of two survives the first two years. Many of these people start their businesses for the wrong reasons: to get away from the paper work of their present jobs or to exchange the responsibility of their present jobs for freer life styles. But more, not less, paper work and responsibility come with ownership of a small business. John Shuttleworth, owner of the recently successful life-ecology news magazine Mother Earth, reports having had to work sixty hours straight in order to bring out the first issue.

John Shuttleworth waited years after conceiving the idea for Mother Earth before he attempted to put out the first issue. During that time, he collected as much information as he could about his proposed venture. He borrowed books about business from the library; he talked to people already established in the field; and he began planning in detail the amount of money and the kinds and numbers of supplies he would need. When he finally opened with a capital of $1,500, he set up his office in the kitchen of his home and his printing press in the garage. Due to his devotion to business his managerial skill, and his talent, Mother Earth now has a circulation of 300,000:

Not all small business succeed as well as Mother Earth has. Fifty percent of the 450,000 that start in the United States every year fail. Still, ninety-five percent businesses in the States can be described as small. Combined, these businesses account for forty percent of America's gross national product.

According to this passage, many people start their own businesses for the wrong reasons. The reasons are wrong because they do not realize that ______.

A．their own businesses will provide large income but less responsibility

B．their own businesses will not relieve them from paper work and responsibility

C．their own businesses will require longer working hours but less paper work

D．their own businesses could easily fail

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第11题

The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light lamp bulbs--o

r even to run a small electric motor--is almost unbelievable, but several kinds of fish are able to do this. Even more strangely, this curious power has been acquired in different ways by fish belonging to very different families.

Perhaps the best known are the electric rays, or torpedoes (电鱼), of which several kinds live in warm seas. They posses on each side of the head, behind the eyes, a large organ consisting of a number of hexagon- al shaped cells rather like a honeycomb. The cells are filled with a jelly-like substance, and contain a series of flat electric plates. One side, the negative side, of each plate, is supplied with very fine nerves, connected with a main nerve coming from a special part of the brain. Current passes from the upper, positive side of the organ downwards to the negative, lower side. Generally it is necessary to touch the fish in two places, completing the circuit, in order to receive a shock.

The strength of this shock depends on the size of the fish, but newly born ones only about 5 centimeters across can be made to light the bulb of a pocket flashlight for a few moments, while a fully grown torpedo gives a shock capable of knocking a man down, and, if suitable wires are connected, will operate a small electric motor for several minutes.

Another famous example is the electric eel. This fish gives an even more powerful shock. The system is different from that of the torpedo in that the electric plates run longitudinally (纵向) and are supplied with nerves from the spinal(脊骨)cord. Consequently, the current passes along the fish from head to tail. The electric organs of these fish are really altered muscles and like all muscles are apt (likely) to tire, so they are not able to produce electricity for very long.

The power of producing electricity may serve these fish both for defence and attack.

It can be seen from the passage that ______. ()

A．the capacity to generate electricity is the distinctive characteristic of the fish

B．the current travels in an upward direction from the positive side to negative side in torpedo's electric cells

C．some fish can produce enough electricity to drive a number of electric motors

D．the torpedo's electric cells have a shape with six sides

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